Hebrewism of west africa and hebrews slaves that brought our culture to america

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The Book of Exodus describes a Hebrew (Jewish) presence in Egypt in the former Kingdom of Kush.

In the 9th and 10th Centuries B.C.E. Kings David and Solomon sought to expand Hebrew (Jewish) influence and trade throughout the Mediterranean, Egypt, the Arab Peninsula, the Horn of Africa and Persia.

The Bantu tribes of Southern Africa (where 40,000 members of the Lemba Tribe) still claim Jewish roots.

Jewish tribal groups in Senegal are the descendants of the Tribe of Dan. The Ethiopian Jews can trace their ancestry to the tribe of Dan. The trans-migrants established communities in renowned places as Gao, Timbuktu (where UNESCO still maintains notable archives containing records of its old Jewish community), Bamako, Agadez, Kano and Ibadan.

 

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Jewish tribes have been situated in the heart of Africa since the dawn of recorded history. Ethiopia is mentioned in the beginning of the Biblical Book of Genesis, and there is no time in history when there were not Jews living there. From Ethiopia, they went west and south into the heart of Africa. Other Jews also migrated directly west from Egypt, entering Africa along the northern coast of the continent.

 

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Starting about 300 AD, the Kingdom of Ghana began to be ruled by a dynasty of Jewish Kings known as the Za Dynasty. The founder of the Dynasty was a man named Za el Yemeni, who was descended from Jews of Yemen. He established his capital city at Gao on the Niger River, in what is now the nation of Mali.

According to the writings of Eldad the Danite, a famous Algerian Jewish author of the ninth century, Ghana was a Hebrew nation which followed the Law of Moses. The people of Ghana traced their roots to Jews of the First Diaspora of 600 BC, who were forcibly expelled from Israel by the Assyrians. In support of this, Eldad reported that the Ghanans possessed the Torah, which was compiled before the Diaspora, but not the Talmud, which was compiled in Jerusalem and Babylon much later, during the early centuries of the Christian era.

THE REASON WE AND THE BROTHERS FROM GHANA DID NOT HAVE THE TALMUD BECAUSE IT WAS FORCED ON US BY THOSE CALLED AMALEK WHO SIT IN THE SEAT OF MOSES THAT THE MASTER TEACHER WARNED US ABOUT IN THE GOSPELS. THOSE WHO SIT IN MOSES SEAT CALLING THE SHOT'S WERE AMALEK KNOWN AS THE JEWS OF TODAY AND SOME WHERE THE KENEITES WHO SNUCKED IN AND MIXED WITH THE HEBREWS they was the scribes

 

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In the seventh century AD, the whole of Africa north of the Sahara desert was conquered by the armies of Islam. Subsequently, an extremely lucrative trade system developed with the Sub-Saharan Kingdom of Ghana. The commodities first traded were gold and salt. This led to the appearance of regular caravan routes across the Sahara Desert to various cities in Ghana. These cities became wealthy.

Shortly after the year AD 1000, the Kings of Ghana converted to Islam. Initially, the conversions were mainly for the purpose of fostering trade with the powerful Muslim states of North Africa, and had little to do with faith. But once Islam took root in the area, its impact grew inexorably.

 

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The modern Ashkenazim Jew–converts (from Eastern Europe) has tried to absorb all the nations and say they are whole again and living in Israel – but that is not true…the 10 tribes of millions of people that are still scattered – (the U. S., the American Indians, the Chinese, the Indian Dalits, the Ethiopians, the Jamaicans…on and on).

The European Jew is a convert….the converts run the Nation of Israel. They converted 1100 years ago

 

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The history of Black Hebrews in North America is perhaps one of the most important chapters in US history which has yet to be fully written. The ancestors of African Americans came from West Africa during the era of slavery. That particular region of Africa was once home to a number of Black Hebrew tribes that migrated from North and East Africa over many centuries. In speaking of these migrations, Dr. Yoseph A. A. ben-Yochannan writes that: "In North Africa, just before the period of Christianity's legal entry into Rome - due to Constantine "the Great" conversion in the 4th century - there were many Hebrew (Jewish) 'tribes' that are of indigenous African (the so-called 'Negroes') origin.

These African Jews, as all other Romanized-African of this era, were caught in a rebellion in Cyrene (Cyrenaica) during 115 C.E. against Roman imperialism and colonialism. This rebellion also marked the beginning of a mass Jewish migration southward into Soudan (Sudan or West Africa) along the way of the city Aer (Air) and into the countries of Futa Jalon and Senegal (Sene-Gambia) which lie below the parabolic curve of the Niger River's most northern reaches, where the City of Tumbut (Timbuktu, Timbuctoo, etc.), Melle (Mali) presently stands." ("African Origins of the Major Western Religions," 1970, p. 76).

 

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Dr. Ben relates that Black Israelite immigrants from northern and eastern Africa merged with indigenous groups in western Africa to become the Fulani of Futa Jalon, Bornu, Kamen, and Lake Chad. They also formed the parent-stock of groups such as the Ashanti, the Hausa, the B'nai Ephraim (mentioned in earlier posts), and the Bavumbu (Mavumbu or Ma-yomba). All of these groups suffered tremendous population decreases during the years the Atlantic slave trade was in operation, others were completely eliminated.

Thus, every so-called African American has Israelite ancestry in their family tree whether he or she knows it or not. Even in the very crucible of slavery the descendants of West African Hebrew captives in America, struggled to keep their heritages from being obliterated by forced assimilation and acculturation. Their distinctive traditions became submerged in Christianity but always remained a part of the oral tradition via the so-called Negro Spirituals which praise the memory of ancestors and kinsmen like Moses, David, Joshua, and Daniel.

Black Israelite groups are decentralized and varied in ideology. Unlike white Orthodox Jews, Black Hebrews reject the Talmud, a collection of commentaries, as being on a par with the Hebrew Scriptures (Bible) and so they do not conform to rabbinical judgments which emphasize the need of conversion to Talmudism in order to be considered "truly" Jewish.

 

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Since the Bible recognizes patrilineal as well as matrilineal descent, Black Hebrews do not place any special significance on having a "Jewish" mother as do Orthodox Jews. Another major reason why the Talmud is rejected is due to its role in creating the so-called Hamitic Myth which is the doctrine that teaches that all black-skinned people are the cursed descendants of Ham in the Bible.

It was the promulgation of this erroneous myth, passing under the guise of "Jewish" talmudic scholarship, which provided the moral pretext for European slavery of Africans. The Talmud was not the product of ethnic Hebrews but of proselytized Babylonian sages who worked on editing it from the 3rd to in the 6th century A.D. It should not be used as the litmus test on Hebrew identity, particularly since it was of men who were clearly prejudiced of Blacks, Israelites or otherwise.

A major dilemma facing many Black Hebrews who wish to settle in Israel has to do with the Talmud and the fact that conversion is a mandatory prerequisite for gaining Israeli citizenship. The Black Jews from Ethiopian were not allowed to immigrate to Israel until they agreed to undergo a ceremonial conversion to white Judaism (which was tantamount to a denial of their own Hebrewness) and embrace the Talmud. However, many Ethiopian Jews, particular in the aftermath of the recent blood scandal in Israel, are seriously rethinking their decision to adopt the Talmud because it has not given them equal status with other white Israelis.

Ethiopian Jews occupy the bottom rung of Israeli society today because they are black and are not considered "true" Hebrews because of their blackness. Black Hebrews living outside of Israel wanting to join their Ethiopian brethren feel that the Israeli Law of Return is unjust because it forces recognition of a racist text (the Talmud) in order to be considered eligible for citizenship.

It is truly ironic that the descendants of the original Hebrews are not considered to be Hebrews even in their own land because they happen to look like their distant forebears.

 

[beenwize]

Because it's usually someone on here with a regular account but instead of using it they rather make a new one and derail it on some dumb shit.

i hope you're not falsely accusing me of being "kirk" cuz we can have the mod disprove that with a simple ip check.

 

[garv]

Brudda your from Ghana, not Israel.

 

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Brudda your from Ghana, not Israel.

how do you know that, how do you know im not from another part of west africa where hebrews was living and i traced my ancestry back, how do you know that on my mother side i traced my family back slaves that carried their hebrew traditon from west africa, and the same as my Father. Even down the line some was native blacks in america that was thought to be indians that came from florida and moved to tennesee out to red country in oaklahoma who had hebrew customs, yes some might come from ghana, i even know what slave ship some of my ancestors came on and what european was the captain of the ship

Yes my ancestors are from west africa that came from canaan

According to the writings of Eldad the Danite, a famous Algerian Jewish author of the ninth century, Ghana was a Hebrew nation which followed the Law of Moses. The people of Ghana traced their roots to Jews of the First Diaspora of 600 BC, who were forcibly expelled from Israel by the Assyrians. In support of this, Eldad reported that the Ghanans possessed the Torah, which was compiled before the Diaspora, but not the Talmud, which was compiled in Jerusalem and Babylon much later, during the early centuries of the Christian era.

 

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Timbuktu, Mali

history

Egyptian Jews began trading with tribes in the northern part of Mali as long ago as biblical times and pushed further and further into the foreboding Sahara throughout the centuries. In the eighth century A.D. the Rhadanites (multi-lingual Jewish traders) settled in Timbuktu and used it as a base from which they could solidify their trade routes through the desert. In the 14th and 15th centuries Jews fleeing Spanish persecution settled in Timbuktu. Members of the Kehath (Ka'ti) family founded three villages that still exist near Timbuktu -- Kirshamba, Haybomo, and Kongougara. In 1492, King Askia Muhammed took power in Timbuktu and threatened Jews who did not convert to Islam with execution. Some Jews fled, some converted, some remained in Mali and faced centuries of persecution and the occasional massacre. By the 20th century there were no practicing Jews in Mali.

However, in the 1990s Malian Jewry has begun to experience a revival. Ismael Diadie Haidara, a historian from Timbuktu, has been at the forefront of the movement to explore Mali’s Jewish past. In 1993 Haidara established Zakhor (the Timbuktu Association for Friendship with the Jewish World) as an informal association of Malian descendants of Jews. Zakhor’s members hope to teach their children about their Jewish heritage, learn and use Hebrew as a second language and publish histories of their ancestry. In Timbuktu alone there are almost a thousand descendants of Jews who have become interested in exploring their identity.

Finally, the vast majority of Hebrews migrated into Western Africa/Sudan, along the Western Coast of Africa and sojourned there for over fifteen hundred years (70 AD - 1619 AD). The Hebrews became a dominant factor in establishing many of the cultures throughout Western Africa, including the following countries:

In Ghana, the Hebrews were identified as the Ashantee
In Mali, the indigenous people were identifed as the Mandinka, however, they were not Hebrews
In Songhay, the city of Timbuktu, which was a great center of education and commerce and many of the indigenous people were Hebrews
Guinea, which was Known as the Gold Coast, also had a significant numbers of Hebrews


*edit according to the first article hebrews where in Mali*

 

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Only the most persistent travelers journey to Timbuktu. Though today one may catch a three hour flight from the Malian capital of Bamako, before the late 20th century the only way to reach the legendarily remote city was to take a lumbering five day boat ride up the Niger, or to travel hundreds of miles across the Sahara. The Jews were among the most persistent of ancient travelers, at least when they wished to trade in distant centers of commerce such as Timbuktu. All Jews in Timbuktu converted over the generations to Islam or Christianity, but recent historical research has led several families in the distant Malian city to reconnect with the religion of their ancestors.

The Abayudaya of Uganda

Out in the green, rolling hills of eastern Uganda, near the city of Mbale in the shadow of Mount Elgon, the Abayudaya Jews live as Ugandans always have, supporting themselves through subsistence farming and struggling against the elements to bring in the next harvest. These rural Ugandans share much with their neighbors; the surrounding fields bursting with mango trees, sugar cane, banana trees and cassava, the frequent communal festivals to celebrate birth, marriage and death, the uncertainty of rapidly changing national politics and the exhaustion of poverty. A significant difference between the Abayudaya and their countrymen is that when they raise their heads to the heavens in prayer, their God is not Jesus, Allah or any tribal spirit, but the God of Israel. They set themselves apart through devout Judaism and their adherence to the belief that some day they will become an accepted part of the international Jewish community.

 

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Morocco

"The worst insult that a Moroccan could possibly offer was to treat someone as a Jew . . . ."

-- Moroccan writer Said Ghallab, 1965 in Les Temps Modernes

The Jews of Morocco have maintained their faith for more than two thousand years, surviving massacres, political and geographic segregation and continual legal status as second-class citizens. They have remained true to their religion through Roman, Vandal, Byzantine, Arab, Turkish and Vichy-French persecution. Even today, though much of the community has emigrated to Israel, Europe and the United States, its remaining members are confident, prepared to maintain their faith in the face of covert threats like assimilation, secularization and Westernization.

Cape Verde

"Monument of the grave, a pure and righteous man who made himself walk in his purity, modesty and virtue. He, by his donation, exists. With full funds he sought justice. He strengthens all support of the group of the Burial Society. The wise and important Mister Mordechai Auday who went to his rest 2 day in the month of Tibet 5761 of Creation. May his soul be bound in the bond of life."

– translation from Hebrew of inscription on a tombstone in Cape Verde

The story of the Jewish community in Cape Verde is one of greed, slavery and the Portuguese Inquisition. Since the 1460s, when the Portuguese discovered the array of fourteen islands that sit 450 kilometers off the West African coast, they used the archipelago as a fueling station for explorers on their way to conquer the New World, as a stopover terminal for the slave traders, where they could also refuel and "dispose of" weak or objectionable slaves, and as an outpost for Jews that the Inquisition forced to convert to Catholicism under threat of death.

 

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Rusape, Zimbabwe

"We believe most African (Black) descendants are in fact the ancient Hebrews and in fact most Blacks are the descendants of the 12 children of Israel . . . . We believe the true faith of the African descendants is Judaism and not Islam, as Islam is a revelation for descendants of Ishmael."

-- Solomon Guwazah of the Rusape, Zimbabwe, community, in a letter to The African Sun
The community of self-proclaimed Jews centered in Rusape, about two hours from Harare, Zimbabwe, appreciates its unusual history. On one hand they claim to be spiritually, if not genetically, descended from a "Lost Tribe" of Jews who migrated from the North. On the other, they can trace their recent incarnation back to a 1903 meeting between a former American slave named William Saunders Crowdy who was also a former Baptist deacon, and a spiritually hungry man named Albert Christian who eventually brought Crowdy’s teachings to Southern Africa.

Today’s Rusape Jewish community is a vibrant, exciting group that comes together often in song in prayer at their recently rebuilt tabernacle, located about seven kilometers out of town. They follow the same holidays as Western Jews, are learning Hebrew, and are deeply devoted to reviving the Jewish culture of the Old Testament, which they believe is greatly in tune with their own ancient local ways. The community is several thousand strong and growing.

 

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Iberian Jews of Yoruba Nationality

The Bnai Ephraim (“Children of Ephraim”) from Nigeria, live among the Yoruba nationalities. Their oral history tells that the Bnai Ephraim people came from Morocco after the Jews were banished from the Iberian Pennisula sometime after 1492.

They speak a dialect that is a mixture of Moroccan Arabic, Yoruba, and Aramaic. They are known by the Yoruba people as the “Emo Yo Quaim”, or “strange people”. Unlike other African Israelite communities in Nigeria, the Bnai Ephraim have the Torah, portions of which they keep in their sanctuaries.

The Bnai Ephraim provides a living and irrefutable proof of this barely known history of mass Jewish re-settlement in West Africa, between 1492 and 1692, a 200 year non-stop return of Jews to Africa. This set of Moorish refugees are not to be confused with more ancient Hebrew and Canaanite tribes that had been living in Nigeria and other African countries for thousands of years.

 

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The following is a partial list of the various tribes throughout north, south, east and west Africa who are descendants of the Hebrew Israelite nation:
1) Beta Israel/Falasha- Ethiopia 2) Abayudaya-Uganda 3) Tutsi- Rwanda 4) Rusape- Zimbabwe 5) Lemba- South Africa
6) Sefwi Wiawso- Ghana 7) Ashanti- Ghana Ga- Ghana 9) Ewe- Ghana 10) B’nai Ephraim(sons of Ephraim)- Yoruba, Nigeria
11) Lam-Lam- Timbuktu 12) Katsena- Nigeria 13)Zafin Ibrahim- Malagasy Republic 14) Ibo- Nigeria

 

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The following is a partial list of the various tribes throughout north, south, east and west Africa who are descendants of the Hebrew Israelite nation:

1) Beta Israel/Falasha- Ethiopia 2) Abayudaya-Uganda 3) Tutsi- Rwanda 4) Rusape- Zimbabwe 5) Lemba- South Africa

6) Sefwi Wiawso- Ghana 7) Ashanti- Ghana Ga- Ghana 9) Ewe- Ghana 10) B’nai Ephraim(sons of Ephraim)- Yoruba, Nigeria

11) Lam-Lam- Timbuktu 12) Katsena- Nigeria 13)Zafin Ibrahim- Malagasy Republic 14) Ibo- Nigeria

good thread ahch, u got the whole list or know where i can find it at?

 

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SHALOM!!! BROTHERS AND SISTERS, twitter hold me down, now time to get back to business

 

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Decline of the Black Jews of Africa

Many reasons have been sought for the decline and virtual disappearance of Africa’s once thriviing Jewish communities of black Jews. Many see the beginning of this decline as contemporaneous with the advent of the Islamic religion in Africa.

Some historical accounts highlight the fact that black Jews were die-hard nationalistic traditionalists and had led the black African resistance against the influx of the black muslim jihadists and their new interpretation of morality. The most notableof these black Jewish nationalists was Queen Kahina Dahiya Bint Thabitah ibn Tifan otherwise known as El-Kahina. A descendant of one of the priestly Black Jewish families of North Africa, Kahina led the nationalist resistance against the muslim invasion until her defeat at the hands of Hassan Ibn Numan. See Margolis, “History of Jewish people”, 1927 pages 278-279. See also Remy Ilona, “The Igbos : Jews in Africa?” volume 1, Research Findings Historical Links, Commentaries, Narratives,” 2004, Mega Press Limited, Abuja, Nigeria.

Amidst this tumult, the Jews of Northern and West Africa were given a choice of conversion or emigration. Many left for the deeper forest recesses of West Africa seeking the peace and tranquility that appeared to elude them in each generation. The late incursions by the colonialist christian elements of Europe did not make matters any better. There seems to have been a direct link between the incursion of relatively modern religions in Africa and the decline of the ancient practise of the Hebrews which had a pride of place in Africa, its mother land.

For instance the Jewish enclaves of Qamnurya or Naghira in the area of modern Senegal was destroyed completely in the wake of sectarian unrest. Similarly, Al-Maghili a prominent black Muslim noble not only destroyed the Jewish enclaves of Tuat in the old Mali empire, he convinced other potentates throughout the Western Sudan to banish Jews from the empire’s cities. See Remy Ilona, supra.

Lichtblau speculates that: although “…Jewish presence is also confirmed by numerous surviving accounts of Portuguese and other European visitors in the 14th and 15th centuries, as well as North African and Arab historical records… gradually most of these communities disappeared. Since they existed largely in isolation, there was a good deal of intermarriage which for a while reinforced their influence and expansion. As a result they were increasingly viewed as a threat by Muslim rulers, and most of the Jewish communities and nomad groups south of the Atlas mountains were either forced to convert to Islam or massacred; the remainder fled to North Africa, Egypt or the Sudan, and a few also to Cameroon and Southern Africa.”